15. UDTs Explained: User-Defined Data Types for Industrial Devices


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As Studio 5000 projects become larger, tag organization becomes increasingly important.

A small machine may only have a few motors, valves, sensors, and alarms. In that type of project, individual tags …

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12. Seal-In Circuits Explained ( 12 of 35 )


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Seal-In Circuits Explained

A seal-in circuit is one of the most important basic patterns in PLC ladder logic and relay logic.

It is commonly used when an operator presses a momentary Start …

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13. Electrical Interlocking in PLC Programs ( 13 of 35 )


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An interlock is a condition used to prevent two incompatible or unsafe actions from happening at the same time.

In simple words:

An interlock blocks an action when another condition makes that …

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14. Timers in PLC Programming: TON, TOF, and RTO ( 14 of 35 )


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Timers are one of the most common instructions used in PLC programming.

A timer allows the PLC to use time as part of the control logic.

In simple words:

A PLC timer waits …

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2. Voltage, Current, Resistance, and Power in Industrial Automation


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Introduction

Every industrial automation system is built on four fundamental electrical concepts:

Voltage

Current

Resistance

Power

These four concepts explain why a sensor works, why a relay energizes, why a motor turns, and why electrical components …

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7. Motor Starter Troubleshooting Basics (7 of 13)


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How to Diagnose Contactors, Overloads, Coils, and Control Circuits

Motor starters are one of the most common devices found inside industrial electrical control panels. They are used to start and stop …

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8. Control Circuit vs Power Circuit (8 of 13)


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Why a Motor Starter Can Be Commanded but the Motor Still Does Not Run

When troubleshooting electrical control panels, one of the most important concepts a technician must understand is the …

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16. PLC Control of a VFD: Digital Start, Analog Speed, and Feedback (16 of 19)


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Introduction

Not every VFD application uses Ethernet/IP, Modbus, PROFIBUS, or network communication. In many real industrial machines, a PLC controls a VFD using simple hardwired signals.

This is one of the most …

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5. Motor Control Basics for Automation Technicians (5 of 41)


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Motor Control Basics: Contactors, Overloads, and Motor Starters

Motors are everywhere in industrial automation.

They move conveyors, pumps, fans, mixers, agitators, compressors, fillers, packaging machines, and many other industrial systems.

Because motors are …

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6. VFD Basics for Automation Technicians (6 of 41)


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VFD Basics: What a Variable Frequency Drive Does and Why It Matters

A VFD, or Variable Frequency Drive, is one of the most common motor control devices used in modern industrial …

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